Recognizing Possible Symptoms
Possible signs of testicular cancer include:
• A lump or swelling in either testicle, which may or may not be painful.
• A testicle becoming larger or feeling different than usual.
• A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum.
• An ache or discomfort in a testicle, the scrotum, lower abdomen, or groin.
• A sudden buildup of fluid in the scrotum.
• Less commonly, breast tenderness or enlargement.
Symptoms do not automatically mean cancer, but new or unusual changes should be checked by a healthcare professional promptly.
Know What Is Normal for You
It is normal for one testicle to be slightly larger than the other or to hang lower. What matters is noticing a new change from your usual appearance or feel. If you find a lump or notice swelling, discomfort, or another unexplained change, arrange a medical evaluation rather than waiting for it to go away.
Understanding Risk and Early Detection
Testicular cancer can occur without known risk factors. Risk is higher for people with a history of an undescended testicle, a personal history of testicular cancer, or a family history of the disease. Knowing your history and discussing concerns with a healthcare professional can help you understand your individual risk.
There is no universally recommended routine screening test for all people without symptoms. Become familiar with your own body, discuss any concerns with a healthcare professional, and seek advice about personal risk and whether self-examination is appropriate for you.
The Importance of Speaking Up
Embarrassment, fear, or uncertainty can make conversations about testicular health difficult. A new lump or change is a valid reason to seek care. Getting checked does not mean you have cancer—it means you are taking your health seriously.
